نشریه رستنیها
سال شانزدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 48، بهار و تابستان 1394)

In this research، 12 species of Agaric Fungi including، Agaricus arvensis، A. bisporus، Coprinus comatus، C. sterquilinus، Lentinus tigrinus، Inocybe griseovelata، I. subnudipes، I. terrifera، Leucoagaricus carneifolius، L. leucothites، Volvariella volvacea،and Volvupluteus gloiocephalus belonging to Agaricaceae، Inocybaceae، Pluteacae، and Polyporaceae were identified from Kermanshah and Harsin region in Kermanshah province (W Iran). Four species viz. I. griseovelata، I. subnudipes، I. terrifer، and L. carneifolius are new for Iranian mycobiota.

During the study on endophytic fungi of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), 655 fungal isolates were obtained and studied taxonomically. Based on morphological and ITS sequences data, 15 species belonging to 10 genera including Alternaria brassicicola, A. chlamydospora, A. malorum, A. atra, Arthrinium phaeospermum, A. sacchari, Aspergillus nidulans, A. wentii, Beauveria bassiana, Cheatomium elatum, Epicoccum nigrum, Geosmithia pallida, Paecillomyces variotii, Cytospora punicae,and Verrucobotrys geranii are introduced as endophytic fungi of grapevine. Grapevineis as matrix nova for all mentioned species in Iran. Also, all identified species except A. phaeospermum, B. bassiana, and E. nigrum are reported for the first time as endophytic fungi of grapevine worldwide. Four species viz. A. sacchari, C. punicae, G. pallid, and V. geranii are introduced and described for the first time from Iran.

Geobotanical assessment of taxa with a high percentage of richness and endemism plays an important role on conservation plans. South-West Asia is one of the main biodiversity centers of the genus Onosma (Boraginaceae) comprising a high rate of species richness and endemism in Iran. Due to existing threatened factors to habitats and lack of sufficient data on conservation and distribution patterns the species of Onosma have been evaluated based on filed works and herbarium assessment by GIS. The results indicate that the most important hotspots and biodiversity centers of the genus in SW Asia are Caucasus mountains, Anatolian plateau, Hindukush mountains as well as Zagros mountains. Sect. Protonosma showing a distribution mainly in sedimentary and volcanic-sedimentary rocks, whereas Sect. Podonosma in sedimentary rocks. Moreover, subsect. Onosma showing a distribution in wide spectra of substrate as follow sedimentary, volcanic-sedimentary, igneous and ophiolitic formations. In phytogeographical point of view, approximately 81.80 percent of taxa are belonging to Irano-Turanian region and 19.20 percent are biregional or multiregional western slopes of central Zagros and southern slopes of central Alborz are considered as the highest conservation priorities. Rare species have been mostly reported from one locality with single population, which majorities belong to subsections Hapolotricha and Heterotricha respectively. According to IUCN threatened categories, about 50% of species have been classified in critically endangred (CR) and endengred (En) categories. This study also showing some evidence on differentiation of Podonosma from Onosma which have been already done by the other biosystematics studies.

In the present study basidiomycetous yeast species were characterised from soil samples in different regions of Iran. Soil samples were collected from 5–15 cm depth, subsequently yeasts were isolated and purified. Yeast isolates were identified using D1/D2 domains of 26S rRNA and physiologic tests. The results of this study revealed a rich diversity amongst basidiomycetous yeast species in the sampled areas. In this paper we report and characterise 25 species belonging to six genera viz., Trichosporon pullulans, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, R. minuta, R. lysiniphila, R. laryngis, Rhodosporidium kratochvilovae, R. babjevae, Holtermanniella takashimae, Fibulobasidium inconspicuum, Crytococcus ramirezgomezianus, Cryptococcus watticus, C. victoriae, C. uzbekistanensis, C. terreus, C. saitoi, C. podzolicus, C. oeirensis, C. friedmannii, C. flavescens, C. diffluens, C. bhutanensis, C. albidus, C. albidosimilis, C. aerius, C. adeliensis. All of these species represent new records for the mycobiota of Iran. Members of the genus Cryptococcus were the most donimnat basidiomycetous yeast and Cryptococcus aerius was commonly isolated from all soil smaples as the dominat species.

Fifty Fusarium isolates were obtained from 20 garden soil samples in Hormozgan province (S Iran). The isolates were identified based on morphological and molecular data. Sequence data were generated for TEF-1αgene, following PCR amplification. Among the identified species, Fusariummangiferae, F.gaditjirrii, and F. decemcellularerepresent new records to the mycobiota of Iran.

During the study on endophytic fungi of stone fruits including apricot, peach and nectarine in W Azarbaijan (NW Iran), a large number of isolates with Alternaria characteristics were isolated from different parts of these plants and studied taxonomically. Isolation was made based on endophytic fungal isolation method and following surface sterilization procedure. From 100 different plant samples, 102 isolates with Alternaria characteristics were obtained. Based on morphological characteristics, 10 species viz. Alternaria alternata, A. arborescens, A. atra, A. consortialis, A. destruens, A. dumosa, A. infectoria, A. japonica, A. pseudorostrata, and A. tenuissima were identified. Alternaria tenuissima, A. alternata and A. arborescens with 30, 25 and 16 isolate had the highest frequency respectively. All the identified species were isolated for the first time as endophytic fungi from apricot, peach and nectarine worldwide. Alternaria consortialis and A. pseudorostrata are new to mycoflora of Iran.

In this research, five species of agaricfungiincludingConocybe leucopus, Inocybe terrigena, Psathyrella clivensis, P. tephrophylla,and Tricholoma scalpturatum collected from different regions of Hamedan province are reported for the first time from Iran.More information of the studied specimens is as follows:Conocybe leucopus Kühner ex Kühner & Watling, in Watling, Notes R. Bot. Gdn Edinb. 40(3): 539 (1983). (Figs 1 A-E) Hamedan province: South-east of Hamedan city, Keshin, on soil, 7.05.2013, A. Jadidiyan (IRAN 16391 F). Inocybe terrigena (Fr.) Kuyper, Persoonia 12(4): 482 (1985). (Figs 2 A-C) Hamedan province: South-east of Hamedan city, Keshin, on soil, 7.05.2013, A. Jadidiyan (IRAN 16320 F).Psathyrella clivensis (Berk. & Broome) P.D. Orton, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 43(2): 369 (1960). (Figs 3 A-D) Hamedan province: Ganj-Nameh, on soil, 26.04.2013, A. Jadidiyan (IRAN 16387 F). Psathyrella tephrophylla (Romagn.) Bon, Docums Mycol. 12(48): 52 (1983) [1982]. (Figs 4 A-D) Hamedan province: Hamedan, Bu-Ali Sina university campus, on soil,9.04.2013, A. Jadidiyan (IRAN 16388 F).Tricholoma scalpturatum (Fr.) Quél., Mém. Soc. Émul. Montbéliard, Sér. 25: 232 (1872). (Figs 5 A-C) Hamedan province: Vehnan, on soil, 28.04.2013, A. Jadidiyan (IRAN 16390 F).

Oak is the most important forest tree in Kurdistan province (Iran). Fungi are associated with oak trees as parasite, saprophyte and endophyte. The endophytic fungi are known components of biodiversity and have beneficial effects on host plants. During 2012-13 in a survey on endophytic fungi of oak trees in forest regions of Kurdistan province asymptomatic samples were collected from healthy twigs, stems and leaves. Isolation were made by plating pieces of samples, after washing with distilled water and surface sterilization with 70% ethanol, on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) supplemented with antibiotic. After incubation at 25o C under constant darkness for two weeks 67 isolates were obtained. Purification was made by transferring single spores to PDA plates. Based on morphological characters and ITS-rDNA sequence data, five species including Cladosporium tenellum, Paecilomyces formosus, Petriella guttulata, Preussia australis, and Sordaria sibutii were identified as new taxa for Iran mycobiota. All of these species are reported here as endophytic fungi from oak trees for the first time.

In this study, coefficient group collaboration and co-authorship papers published in Rostaniha journal (Botanical Journal of Iran) from 2000 to 2014 has been done. In addition,identifying the most active authors, organizations or institutions are involved in publishing articles group (co-authorship) and the countries with the highest participation and cooperation in the production of articles are the other objectives of the present study. The present study is conducted by scientometrics method and the research population including 390 articles published during 2000–14. Research findings show that, from 390 published articles, 88% was in Persian and 12% in English language. Sixty-one percent of authors were males and remained 39% as females. From the contributed countries, except Iran by 95%, Germany, Japan and Armenia have had the most contribution. Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP) by 165 articles (43.2%) was the most contributed institute followed by Tehran University with 20, and Gilan University and Islamic Azad University with 19 authors each. Most of the authors were tending to teamwork and co-produced of scientific works so that 75.4% of articles have been published through multi authorship cooperation while 36.7% have been written by three authors. The research hypothesis, "the existence of positive relation between published articles and co-authorship in Rostaniha journal" has been confirmed by 774%.

In the framework of collecting and identifying of fungi of Iran, specimens of an interesting fungus were collected and identified as Phleogena faginea (Fr.) Link based on Oberwinkler & Bandoni (1982). The characteristic features of specimens were as follows.